Author: Abé Mark Nornes
Author email address: amnornes@umich.edu
Institution: University of Michigan
Goals of the Course:
- To survey the history of the Japanese moving image, from its beginnings in one-shot actualities to the proliferation of video-based media.
- To interrogate the relationship of history and photographic representation.
- To conceptualize “nation,” “nationalism” and “national cinema” in a country whose psychic and political borders have been surprisingly fluid in the past 100 years.
- To study the interaction between national and international dimensions of texts, auteurs and movements.
- To compare the development of Japanese cinema to other national contexts.
Grading:
- Participation 10%
- 6-page paper on Kurosawa Akira 15%
- 6-page paper on Ozu Yasujirô 20%
- Midterm 15%
- Term Paper on a single film 20%
- Final 20%
Required Texts:
- Anderson, Joseph and Donald Richie. The Japanese Film: Art and Industry. (Tokyo: Tuttle, 1959). Expanded version: (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982).
- Reframing Japanese Cinema: Authorship, Genre, History, ed. by Arthur Nolletti, Jr. and David Desser (Bloomington: Indiana, 1992).
- Tokyo Story, ed. David Desser (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997).
- Reader (available at Accucopy)
Schedule:
- Sept 8: Introduction
- Sept 10: 100 years in a nutshell
- Read: R/A 402-403, 405; Iwamoto Kenji, “Cinema: A Short History of Japanese Cinema” (Reader).
- Screening: Ballad of Narayama (Imamura Shôhei)
- Sept 15: Godzilla
- Read: Jerome Shapiro, “When a God Awakes” (Reader).
- Sept 17: Kurosawa
- Read: R/A 376-380, 402-403, 405; “Kurosawa: A Retrospective” (Reader).
- Screening: Sanji Goto (Thomas Kurihara), Rashômon (Kurosawa Akira)
- Sept 22: Study of National Cinemas I: Pure Cinema Movement
- Read: Stephen Crofts, “Concepts of National Cinema” (Reader).
- Sept 24: Study of National Cinemas II: The Discipline of the Discipline
- Read: Susan Hayward, “Defining the ‘National’ of a Country’s Cinematographic Production” (Reader); Darrell Davis, “Ozu’s Mother” (TS).
- Screening: Tokyo Story (Ozu Yasujirô)
- Sept 29: Imamura Shôhei
- Read: Imamura Shôhei’s homepage (www.issay.com/shohei-imamura/english/e_index.html); Aaron Gerow, “The Eel: Unagi” (pears.lib.ohio-state.edu/Markus/Review/Films97/Eel.html).
- Oct 1: Ôshima and the Avant-garde
- Read: Max Tessier (RJC); Ôshima Nagisa (RJC); Maureen Turim, The Films of Ôshima Nagisa (Reader).
- Screening: Night and Fog in Japan (Ôshima Nagisa)
- Oct 6: Music in Japanese Film
- Read: Ifukube Akira Interviews (users.pdnt.com/~kaiju/grpcomp.htm).
- Oct 8: Movement I: New Wave (Kurosawa paper due)
- Read: R/A 451-456, 457-477.
- Screening: Ai (Iimura Takahiko), Double Suicide (Shinoda Masahiro)
- Oct 13: Movement II: Tendency Film/Amateur Film/Prokino
- Read: R/A 64-71; Aaron Gerow interview with Prokino members.
- Oct 15: Talkies and the War 1931-1945
- Read: R/A 72-158; Iwamoto Kenji (RJC).
- Screening: Dawn of Freedom (Abe Yutaka and Geraldo de Leon)
- Oct 20: Occupation (Japanese Cinema as American Cinema) & The 1950s (“Golden Age”?)
- Read: R/A 159-296.
- Oct 22: Midterm
- Screening: Ugetsu (Mizoguchi Kenji)
- Oct 27: Mizoguchi
- Read: Luc Moullet, André Bazin, Jacques Rivette: “Exchanges about Kurosawa and Mizoguchi,” from Cahiers du Cinéma; Alexandre Astruc, “What is Mise-en-scène?” (Reader); Donald Kirihara, Mizoguchi (Reader).
- Oct 29: Radical documentary
- Read: Interview with Tsuchimoto Noriaki (Doc Box #8); Interview with Tamura Masaki (Doc Box #8); Interview with Matsumoto Toshio (Doc Box #9); all three are in Documentary Box (an online journal at www.city.yamagata.yamagata.jp/yidff/box/en/index.html#contents)
- Screening: Children Who Draw (Hani Susumu) & Sanrizuka: Summer (Ogawa Shinsuke)
- Nov 3: Burch I
- Read: Noel Burch. To the Distant Observer, 61-86.
- Nov 5: Burch II
- Read: Burch 89-99; R/A 385-391, 448-451; Bordwell (RJC).
- Screening: Sumo shorts, Russo-Japanese War Actualities, Great Kanto Earthquake, Shibukawa Bangoro(Futagawa Buntarô)
- Nov 10: Silent Cinema
- Read: R/A 21-71; Komatsu Hiroshi (RJC); Joseph Anderson (RJC).
- Nov 12: A Short History of Japanese Film Criticism
- Read: Start reading for Nov. 17 paper
- Screening: I Was Born, But… (Ozu Yasujirô, with benshi performance)
- Nov 17: Ozu Yasujiro (Ozu paper due: later papers NOT accepted)
- Read: R/A 359-363; Kathe Geist (RJC); Donald Richie (RJC); Donald Richie, “A Definition of the Japanese Film”; Donald Richie, “Viewing Japanese Film: Some Considerations; Kristen Thompson and David Bordwell, “Space and Narrative in the Films of Ozu”; Hasumi Shigehiko, “Sunny Skies” (TS).
- Nov 19: The Yakuza Film
- Read: Keiko McDonald (RJC).
- Screening: Gonin (Ishii Teruo)
- Nov 24: Jidai-geki
- Read: Lisa Spaulding (RJC); Desser, “Toward a Structural Analysis of the Postwar Samurai Film” (RJC).
- Nov 26: Thanksgiving Break
- Dec 1: Censorship and the Nikkatsu Roman Porno
- Read: Ian Buruma, Behind the Mask (Reader)
- Dec 3: Anime (Term Papers Due)
- Read: Ueno Toshiya, “Japanimation and Techno Orientalism,” (in Documentary Box 9.
- Screening: Broken Down Film (Tezuka Osamu), Jumping (Tezuka Osamu), Ghost in the Shell (Oshii Mamoru)
- Dec 8: Kitano Takeshi
- Read: San Francisco Bay Guardian, March 18, 1998 by Chuck Stephens, AP Newswire, interview by Eric Talmadge, Los Angeles Times, March 19, 1998, by Kevin Thomas.
- Dec 10: National Cinema in the Age of Transnationalism
- Read: Brian Currid, “Finally, I Reach to Africa” (Reader).
- Screening: Fireworks (Kitano Takeshi)
Basic Bibliography for Japanese Cinema:
- Anderson, Joseph and Donald Richie. The Japanese Film: Art and Industry. (Tokyo: Tuttle, 1959). Expanded version: (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982).
- Barrett, Gergory. Archetypes of the Japanese Cinema: The Sociological and Religious Significance of the Principle Heros and Heroines. (London: Associated University Press, 1989).
- Bock, Audie. Japanese Film Directors (Tokyo: Kodansha International, 1980).
- Bordwell, David. Ozu and the Poetics of Cinema (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988).
- Burch, Nöel. To the Distant Observer: Form and Meaning in the Japanese Cinema (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979).
- Buruma, Ian. Behind the Mask (New York: Meridian, 1984).
- Davis, Darrell William. Picturing Japaneseness: Monumental Style, National Identity, Japanese Film (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996).
- Desser, David. Eros Plus Massacre: An Introduction to the Japanese New Wave Cinema (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988).
- Desser, David and Arthur Nolletti, Jr., ed. Reframing Japanese Cinema (Bloomington: Indiana, 1992).
- Hirano Kyoko. Mr. Smith Goes to Tokyo: Japanese Cinema under the American Occupation, 1945-1952. (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992).
- Kasza, Gregory J. The State and the Mass Media in Japan 1918-1945 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988).
- Kirihara, Donald. Patterns of Time: Mizoguchi and the 1930s (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992).
- McDonald, Keiko. Cinema East: A Critical Study of Major Japanese Films (Rutherford, New Jersey: Farleigh Dickenson University Press, 1983).
- Mellon, Joan. Voices from the Japanese Cinema (New York: Liveright, 1975).
- Mellon, Joan. Waves at Genji’s Door: Japan Through Its Cinema. (New York: Pantheon, 1976).
- Nornes, Abé Mark and Fukushima Yukio, ed. The Japan/America Film Wars: WWII Propaganda and Its Cultural Contexts (New York: Gordon and Breach, 1994).
- Oshima Nagisa. Cinema, Censorship, and the State (Cambridge: The MIT Press, 1992).
- Richie, Donald. The Films of Akira Kurosawa (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984).
- Richie, Donald. Japanese Cinema: Film Style and National Character (New York: Anchor, 1971).
- Richie, Donald. A Lateral View (Berkeley: Stone Bridge Press, 1992).
- Richie, Donald. Ozu (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974).
- Satô Tadao. Currents in Japanese Cinema, trans. Gregory Barrett from Nihon eiga no shisôshi (Tokyo: Sanichi Shobo, 1974), (Tokyo: Kodansha, 1982).
- Schrader, Paul. Transcendental Style in Film: Ozu, Bresson, Dreyer (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972).
- Turim, Maureen. The Films of Oshima Nagisa (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998).